Economic Implications and Public Readiness for Urban Green Space Development in Agra: A Strategic Evaluation in the City of Taj

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25034/ijcua.2024.v8n2-14

Keywords:

Urban Green Spaces (UGS), Urban life, Green city, Impacts of UGSs, Public Participation

Abstract

Urban green spaces (UGSs) improve the environmental value of the city as well as the quality of life for citizens. Unfortunately, many cities in India are lagging behind the minimum standard of UGS required in the city. For example, Agra city in India, one of the most famous tourist destinations in the world, represents two distinct realities of UGS in the same city. One is the focus of tourism, and the rest is the place of common people with very limited public green spaces, leading to multiple social issues (like spatial polarization, etc.). The secondary data concludes that the PPGC of Agra is lower than the standards, and the ongoing schemes are approached through quantitative methods. Despite having many UGS development schemes, Agra's UGS shows stalled growth. This research examines the policies and programs of UGS development (AMRUT, SCM, etc.) and reviews them to understand the unique gaps and possible regulatory interventions. The study includes an assessment of stakeholders' readiness to accept plausible UGS strategies using an analytical analysis approach. The primary data shows that PPP is the requirement for the integrated development of UGSs. The planners can make policies highlighting citizen's rights and responsibilities to enhance UGSs in Agra.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Adebara, T. M., Adebara, O. B., & Badiora, A. I. (2022, October 27). Informal Use of "Marginal Open Space" Along Residential Streets in a Nigerial City. Journal of Contemporary Urban Affairs, 6(2), 207-215. https://doi.org/10.25034/ijcua.2022.v6n2-7

Agra Nagar Nigam. (2020, January 5). Hamari Uplabdhiya [Our Achievements]. Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India: Agra Nagar Nigam. Retrieved from https://agra.nic.in

Agra Nagar Nigam. (n.d.). Action Plan for Increasing Green Cover by 15% in Agra. Agra: Agra Nagar Nigam.

Ahirrao, P., & Khan, S. (2021, April 29). Assessing Public Open Spaces: A Case of City Nagpur, India. Sustainability, 13(9), 1-24. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13094997

Dipeolu, A. A., Ibem, E. O., & Oriola, O. A. (2022, August 6). Influence of Green Infrastructure on Residents' Endorsement of the New Ecological Paradigm in Lagos, Nigeria. Journal of Contemporary Urban Affairs, 6(2), 159-173. https://doi.org/10.25034/ijcua.2022.v6n2-4

Directorate of census operations Uttar Pradesh. (2016). Census of India 2011- Uttar Pradesh- Series 10- Part XII A- District Census Handbook, Agra. Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India: Directorate of Census Operations Uttar Pradesh.

Farkas, J. Z., Hoyk, E., Morais, M. B., & Csomos, G. (2023, February 01). A systematic review of urban green space research over the last 30 years: A bibliometric analysis. Heliyon, 9(2), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13406

Forest Survey of India. (2019). India State of Forest Report 2019 (Vol. 2). Dehradun, India: Ministry of Enviroment, Forest & Climate Change, Government of India.

Gangwar, G. (2018, December 13). Fusion of Traditional and Modern Principles of Design for Public Spaces of Indian Cities. In A. I. Conference, & U. P. Babu (Ed.), Urbanization Challenges in Emerging Economies: Resilience and Sustainability of Infrastructure (pp. 275-289). New Delhi: ASCE India Conference. https://doi.org/10.1061/9780784482032.029

Govindarajulu, D. (2014, September 07). Urban green space planning for climate adaptation in Indian cities. Urban Climate, 10(1), 35-41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.uclim.2014.09.006

Gujar, S., Deshmukh, A., & Gupta, R. (2022). Review of open space rules and regulations and identification of specificities for plot-level open spaces to failitate sustainable development: An Indian case. In IOP, IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (Vol. 1084, pp. 1-13). Jaipur, Rajasthan, India: IOP Publishing Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1084/1/012073

Haas, W. D., Hassink, J., & Stuvier, M. (2021, July 22). The Role of Urban Green Space in Promoting Inclusion: Experiences From the Netherlands. (E. Laszkiewicz, Ed.) Frontiers in Environmental Science, 9, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2021.618198

Jureviciene, L. J., & Mlinkauskiene, A. (2021, December 16). Community Participation in Decision Making Process in Urban Planning: The Case of Kaunas. Journal of Contemporary Urban Affairs, 5(2), 197-208. https://doi.org/10.25034/ijcua.2021.v5n2-3

Lorenzo, M., Rodriguez, M. L., Suarez, E., Hernandez, B., & Rosales, C. (2023, February 22). Quality analysis and categorisation of public space. Heliyon, 9(3), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13861

Ministry of Urban Development. (2014). Urban Green Guidelines. India: Ministry of Urban Development, Government of India.

Ministry of Urban Development. (2015). Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation, Mission Statement & Guidelines. India: Ministry of Urban Development, Government of India.

Ministry of Urban Development. (2015). Urban and Regional Development Plans Formulation and Implementation (URDPFI) Guidelines (Vol. I). Ministry of Urban Development, Government of India.

Ministry of Urban Development. (2016). The Smart City Challenge Stage 2. India: Ministry of Urban Development, Government of India.

Perk, L. (2008). Agra: The Architectural Heritage (First ed.). New Delhi, India: Roli Books Pvt. Ltd.

Rahbarianyazd, R. (2017, January 02). Sustainability in Historic Urban Enviornments: Effect of Gentrification in the process of sustainable urban revitalization. Journal of Contemporary Urban Affairs, 1(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.25034/1761.1(1)1-9

Sangwan, A., Saraswat, A., Kumar, N., Pipralia, S., & Kumar, A. (2022). Urban Green Spaces Prospects and Retrospect's. In Intech, R. A. Castanho, & J. C. Fernandez (Eds.), Urban Green Spaces (pp. 1-182). Intech Open. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.102857

Shaban, A., Kourtit, K., & Nijkamp, P. (2020, April 07). India's Urban System:Sustainability and Imbalanced Growth of Citites. Sustainability, 12(7), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12072941

Yok, T. P., Wang, J., & Sia, A. (2013, June). Perspective on five decades of the urban greening of Singapore. Cities, 32, 24-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2013.02.001

Zhang, W., Yang, J., Ma, L., & Huang, C. (2015, August 07). Factors affecting the use of urban green spaces for physical activities: Views of young urban residents in Beijing. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 14(4), 851-857. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2015.08.006

Downloads

Published

2024-09-05

How to Cite

Roy, U. K., & Sharma, D. (2024). Economic Implications and Public Readiness for Urban Green Space Development in Agra: A Strategic Evaluation in the City of Taj . Journal of Contemporary Urban Affairs, 8(2), 529–545. https://doi.org/10.25034/ijcua.2024.v8n2-14

Issue

Section

Citizenship Rights and Responsibilities

Similar Articles

<< < 17 18 19 20 21 22 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.