A Tactical Urbanism and Economic Inclusivity: Evaluating the Impact of Spacena Project in a Marginalized Urban Area
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25034/ijcua.2024.v8n2-4Keywords:
Tactical Urbanism, People with Disabilities (PWD), Inclusive Urban Spaces, Economic Empowerment, Marginalized AreasAbstract
Addressing economic and social inequalities in urban settings, particularly those that affect marginalized groups, is becoming more challenging. In less privileged urban areas, women entrepreneurs face restricted opportunities, specifically in limited retail activities in urban spaces. This study examines the effects of implementing a tactical urbanism solution known as "Retailscape," as represented by Spacena, to address the existing socio-economic disparity. Spacena is an urban furniture piece designed to respect and accommodate PWD, serving as a platform for showcasing locally made products. Employing qualitative methods, including focus groups, interviews, and observations, the research assesses Spacena's economic and social impact. Key themes identified through coding reveal a strong desire for inclusive spaces, economic empowerment, and enhanced social integration. Findings indicate that Spacena is perceived as an opportunity for economic advancement, income generation, and social interaction among residents. However, concerns about project sustainability and regulatory challenges persist. This study demonstrates that tactical urbanism can effectively address economic disparities and foster social cohesion in marginalized communities, suggesting that similar small-scale interventions could have broad, positive implications for sustainable urban design. The findings highlight how Spacena’s low-cost, scalable design and its positive impact on community inclusivity can serve as a model for replicating similar urban interventions in areas with comparable economic and social challenges.
Downloads
References
Hawkins, A., Assad, R., & Sullivan, D. (2019). Citizens of Somewhere: A Case Study of Refugees in Towns - Amman, Jordan. Amman, Jordan: Institute for Global Development.
Abuhussein, T., & Koburtay, T. (2021). Opportunities and constraints of women entrepreneurs in Jordan: an update of the 5Ms framework. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 27(6), 1448–1475. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijebr-06-2020-0428
Akinyode, B., & Khan, T. (2018). Step by step approach for qualitative data analysis. International Journal of built environment and sustainability, 5(3). https://doi.org/10.11113/ijbes.v5.n3.267
Aytug, R. (2023). 7: Inclusive Urban Planning and Public Space for Refugee Youth in Pursuit of a Just City in Amman, Jordan. In Refugee Youth (pp. 100–116). Bristol, UK: Bristol University Press. https://doi.org/10.51952/9781529221039.ch007
Bailey, N. (2017). Employment, poverty and social exclusion. In Poverty and Social Exclusion in the UK: Vol. 2. Policy Press. https://doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447334224.003.0007
Baldwin, M., & Johnson, W. G. (2006). A critical review of studies of discrimination against workers with disabilities. In Handbook on the Economics of Discrimination (pp. 119-160). Massachusetts, USA: Edward Elgar Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781847200150.00012
Belotto, M. (2018). Data Analysis Methods for Qualitative Research: Managing the Challenges of Coding, Interrater Reliability, and Thematic Analysis. The Qualitative Report, 23(11), 2622-2633. https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2018.3492
Burton, E., & Mitchell, L. (2006). Inclusive Urban Design: Streets For Life. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780080456454
Chmielewska, B., & Horváthová, Z. (2016). Policy levelling economic and social inequalities between rural and urban areas. Journal of International Studies, 9(2), 103-111. https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-8330.2016/9-2/7
El-Messeidy, R. (2019). Tactical Urbanism as an Approach to Reuse Residual Spaces. Journal of Engineering Research, 3(12), 41–47. https://doi.org/10.21608/erjeng.2019.125750
Fainstein, S. (2010). The just city. New York: Cornell University Press. https://doi.org/10.7591/9780801460487
Hamed-Troyansky, V. (2017). CIRCASSIAN REFUGEES AND THE MAKING. Int. J. Middle East Stud, 49(4), 605–623. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0020743817000617
Harris, E., Franz, A., & O’Hara, S. (2023). Promoting Social Equity and Building Resilience through Value-Inclusive Design. Buildings, 13(8), 2081. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13082081
Illingworth, P. (2022). Giving now: Accelerating human rights for all. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190907044.001.0001
Kajiita, R., & Kang’ethe, S. (2024). Socio-Economic Dynamics Inhibiting Inclusive Urban Economic Development: Implications for Sustainable Urban Development in South African Cities. Sustainability, 16(7), 2803. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202401.1828.v1
Lune, H., & Berg, B. (2017). Qualitative Research Methods for the Social Sciences (9 ed.). England: Pearson Education Limited.
Lydon, M. &. (2015). Tactical Urbanism: Short-Term Action for Long-Term Change. Island Press.
Lynch, J. W., Kaplan, G. A., Pamuk, E. R., Cohen, R. D., Heck, K. E., Balfour, J. L., & Yen, I. H. (1998). Income inequality and mortality in metropolitan areas of the United States. American journal of public health, 88(7), 1074-1080. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.88.7.1074
Maanen, J. V. (2011). Tales of the field: On writing ethnography. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Maher, C., Hadfield, M., Hutchings, M., & de Eyto, A. (2018). Ensuring Rigor in Qualitative Data Analysis: A Design Research Approach to Coding Combining NVivo With Traditional Material Methods. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 17(1). https://doi.org/10.1177/1609406918786362
Meerow, S., Pajouhesh, P., & Miller, T. R. (2019). Social equity in urban resilience planning. Local Environment, 24(9), 793–808. https://doi.org/10.1080/13549839.2019.1645103
Mike, L., Anthony, G., & Andres, D. (2015). Tactical Urbanism: Short-Term Action for Long-Term Change. Washington, D.C: Island Press. https://doi.org/10.5822/978-1-61091-567-0
Nello-Deakin, S. (2022). Exploring traffic evaporation: Findings from tactical urbanism interventions in Barcelona. Case studies on transport policy, 10(4), 2430-2442. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cstp.2022.11.003
Niessen, L. W., Mohan, D., Akuoku, J., Mirelman, A. J., Ahmed, S., Koehlmoos, T., . . . Peters, D. H. (2018). Tackling socioeconomic inequalities and non-communicable diseases in low-income and middle-income countries under the Sustainable Development agenda. The Lancet, 391(10134), 2036-2046. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30482-3
OECD. (2014). Economic, Environmental and Social Statistics. Paris: OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/18147364
Pandey, M. D., & Nathwani, J. S. (1996). Measurement of Socio-Economic Inequality Using the Life-Quality Index. Social Indicators Research, 39(2), 187-202. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00286973
Rizvi, S., Shah, S., Qureshi, M., Wasim, S., Aleemi, A. R., & Ali, M. (2023, . Futur Bus J 9, 71 (2023).). Challenges and motivations for women entrepreneurs in the service sector of Pakistan. Futur Bus, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s43093-023-00251-y
Rossitti, M., Oppio, A., Torrieri, F., & Dell’Ovo, M. (2023). Tactical Urbanism Interventions for the Urban Environment: Which Economic Impacts? Land, 12(7), 935-950. https://doi.org/ 10.3390/land12071457
Silva, P. (2016). Tactical urbanism: Towards an evolutionary cities’ approach? Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, 43(6), 1040-1051. https://doi.org/10.1177/0265813516657340
Soja, E. W. (2010). Seeking Spatial Justice after 9/11. In Seeking Spatial Justice (pp. 179–200). Minnesota: University of Minnesota Press. https://doi.org/10.5749/minnesota/9780816666676.003.0007
Suddaby, R. (2006). From the Editors: What Grounded Theory is Not. Academy of Management Journal, 49(4), 633–642. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2006.22083020
Talen, E. (2018). Reinventing the Neighborhood. In Neighborhood (pp. 60-72). Oxford: Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190907495.003.0004
Thirlwall, A. P. (1974). Regional Economic Disparities and Regional Policy in the Common Market. Urban Studies, 11(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1080/00420987420080011
UN-Habitat. (2016). World Cities Report 2016: Urbanization and Development - Emerging Futures. Nairobi: UN. https://doi.org/10.18356/d201a997-en
UN-Habitat. (2022). Amman Spatial Profile: Urban Planning & Infrastructure in Migration Contexts. Amman: UN-Habitat. Retrieved from www.3rpsyriacrisis.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/JyN61R-220411-final_amman_profile.pdf
Zalloom, B. (2022). Smart Cities: Using GIS Technology in Urban Infrastructure Development. The Eurasia Proceedings of Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics (EPSTEM), 18, 64-71. https://doi.org/10.55549/epstem.1192335
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Shahed Alhadyan, Mohammad AlRahahleh, Mysaa Khwaileh
![Creative Commons License](http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by/4.0/88x31.png)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.